Annex VI regulates air emissions from ships to reduce atmospheric pollution and climate impact.
Key requirements:
- Limits on sulfur content in marine fuels (IMO 2020: max 0.50% globally)
- Emission controls for SOx, NOx, and particulate matter
- Designation of Emission Control Areas (ECAs) with stricter limits
- Energy efficiency measures (EEDI, SEEMP)
- Control of ozone-depleting substances and VOC emissions
